# Scalar quantity:-
The physical quantities which have magni- tude but not direction. are called Scalar quantities or scalar scalar quantities can be added er substracted according to the rule of algebra.
Example:- Mass, time, distance, Spaad, density. energy, temperature, pressure, charge, gravitational potential, electric potential enegy etc.
#Vector quantity
The physical quantities which have both. mangnitude and direction are called vactor quantity or Vecters. Vector quantities Can be added to the sule of vector additionsir Substracted according
Example: displacement, velocity, acceleration, force, area, weight, electric field weight, magnetic field, fravitational field, moment. um, torque. etc.
A Vecter is graphically represented by a straugh Line with arrow at me end. the direction of anow. represents the direction of the vector and Length of the line represents the mergnitude of the vector. A Vector is represented in figure below!"
Is it and necesary Haat quantity having both magrinh direction be always a vector?
AS Should No, for a quantity to be vector it be added or substracted according to the even current has both magnitude not jula of algebra. But and direction, it can be added according to rule of algebra. So, it is a Scalas quantity.
#Types of vectors:
(1) Unit Vector:-
A Vector having unit magnitude is called unit vector. It is denoted by  and given by: A- A where A=1A1 = magnitude of vector A.. A = 181 A It is generally used to indicate the direction of vector.
*Note: If vector. =x+3y+RZ then magnitude of vector A is denoted by lon A and A=A= √ x²+y²+2?
fiven by:
8.) Kint the unit vector of A=39+45+5R
Sol Given, R=3+45+SE Then,
1A)=A= √3²+4+5² = √50-552
So, unit vector of=A==30+43+58
(2) Null Vector:-
A Vector which has direction but no mag- nitude (ie. magnitude is zero) is called bull Vector. The intial point and terminal point of a bull vector Coninside
III. paralles Vector:-
Two or more Vectors are called parallel vactors. on having Same direti
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B In parallel Victor, the .com
Vectors is zero. angle between two lenotes
Ⅲ) Antiparallel vectors:-
TWO AY more are Called lled antiparallel Vectors having opposite direction walls levels
V) Equal Vactions:
direction The vectore having Same magnitude and are called equal Vectors.
IⅢ) Negative Vectors: The vectors having same direction magnitude but ac ding in opposite direction are called negative vectors: